While playing press F12 to open the cheat window then type any of the following codes to activate the cheat. Finally press Ctrl + F12 to exit the cheat window:

Code	Result
dagama	6 Traders
ney	Game Doesn't Pause When Event Occurs
gustavus	+100 Ducats to Land Tech Investment
drake	+100 Ducats to Naval Tech Investment
cromwell	+100 Ducats to Infra Tech Investment
polo	+100 Ducats to Trade Tech Investment
cortez	Toggle Natives
alba	Toggle Revolts
tilly	Toggle AI Declaring War
tordesillas	Toggle Effects of Treaty of Tordesillas
luther	Toggle Effects of Reformation
calvin	Toggle Effects of John Calvin
pocahontas	6 Colonists
vatican	6 Diplomats
montezuma	+50000 Ducats
swift	+10000 Population to Capital
oranje	Sets Stability to +3
russianhordes	No Manpower Limits
difrules	Never Lose a Battle
columbus	Reveal Map
pappenheim	Toggles Fog of War
richelieu	Control All Military Units
wallenstein	Review Status of All Provinces
robespierre	Change Domestic Policy Freely
trent	Toggle Effect of Council of Trent
event #	Trigger Event (1000-1076)

Event list for use with the 'event #' cheat:
1000 - English Pirates
1001 - Random Revolt
1002 - Religious Turmoil
1003 - Heretics
1004 - Gift to the State
1005 - Temporary Insanity
1006 - Excellent Minister
1007 - Scandal at Court
1008 - Wave of Obscurantism
1009 - Exceptional Year
1010 - Rush of Colonists
1011 - Diplomatic Move
1012 - Diplomatic Fame
1013 - Colonial Dynamism
1014 - Unexpected Invention
1015 - Rush of Merchants
1016 - Plague
1017 - Reformation of the Army
1018 - Reformation of the Navy
1019 - Enthusiasm for Army
1020 - Enthusiasm for Navy
1021 - Agricultural Revolution
1022 - Devastating Fire
1023 - Good Government Policies
1024 - Bad Government Policies
1025 - Unhappiness with Clergy
1026 - Unhappiness among Artisans
1027 - Unhappiness among Peasants
1028 - Unhappiness among Merchants
1029 - New Mineral
1030 - Political Crisis
1031 - Corruption
1032 - Deflation
1033 - Diplomatic Insult
1034 - Forfication Efforts
1035 - Bank
1036 - Stock Exchange
1037 - Company of Trade
1038 - Colonial Uprising
1039 - Heretic Uprising
1040 - Explorer
1041 - Conquistador
1042 - Nobles (-2 stab)
1043 - Trading Company Disaster
1044 - Internal Trade
1045 - Meteor Sighted
1046 - Fire Ordinance
1047 - Saint Performs Miracle
1048 - Medical
1049 - Noble Feud
1050 - Nobles ally with Foreign Power
1051 - Assassination
1052 - Cessation of Church Functions to Nobility
1053 - Sale of Offices
1054 - Monopoly Company Formed
1055 - Nobles Demand Increased Pensions
1056 - Grant Export Licenses
1057 - New Land Claimed
1058 - Establish Cantonments
1059 - Nobles Demand Old Rights
1060 - Cities Demand Old Rights
1061 - Non-enforcemnts of Ordinances
1062 - Bourgeoisie Request Privileges
1063 - Italian Engineer Available
1064 - Foreign Drill Instructor Available
1065 - Build a Great Palace
1066 - Indulgence Peddler
1067 - Uncooperative Philosopher
1068 - Regional Heresy
1069 - Boundary Dispute
1070 - Merchants Harassed
1071 - Regional Population Boom
1072 - Petition for Redress
1073 - Grant Nobles Aid
1074 - Support for Dissidents Abroad
1075 - Foreign Trade Competition Rises
1076 - Exceptional Court Painter Available

You can edit the xxx.eug file (xxx denotes filename) found in the saves directory using the wordpad application.
Scroll thru the lines until you come up to your nation/side. Pay attention to { and } symbols when doing this edit.

Keywords:

treasury: edit money (limit is approx 2 billion)

city: edit city name, population (max = 999999.000), infrastructure. City must at least have level 1 wall. Fully developed city has following lines:

city = "name"
population = 999999.000
location = xxx (xxx = number)
courthouse = yes
bailiff = yes
cityrights = yes
fortress = {...level = 6}

land unit: edit name and number of infantry/cavalry/artillery each land unit has. Watch out for artillery, not too many. I prefer the following combination 30000/5000/150 (weight=50).

nav unit: same as land unit except this one is for naval

technology: edit all tech level. Set 51 for military techs and 10 for rest.

diplomats, colonists, merchants, missionary: edit number of these guys (max=6)

You can also do this dirty trick:
Set up a level 1 trading post at a neighboring state and save the game once the attempt is successful. Edit level 1 to level 6 in the following line: trading post = { "name" level = 1 location = xxx}. A level 6 trading post won't give you any rebellion problems once transformed into a colony.

Changing this line to: city = ("name" population = 999999.000 location = xxx} will automatically transform the trading post to a fully populated colony. Warning: could inspire revolt if religion is different from yours and you do not tolerate that religion at all.